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Questions: Would an aluminum engine not withstand 10 min. w/o coolant
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Head warpage likely. The same with coolant but without running water pump. Blown radiator is a consequence of a significant overheating and/or blown head gaskets.
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no tension / resistance from engine no compression-internal engine damage to pistons likely
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No tension/resistance is likely if camshafts are not aligned properly. Main crankshaft bearings should not have melted - they are oil lubricated and some distance away from combustion chambers.
Since lubrication was still there I do not see how pistons could have been damaged. The engine most likely quit when timing belt broke - not seized.
Anyway the short block diagnosis is a bit suspicious - if the block is damaged, the heads are likely damaged too.