A ball joint in that bad of shape makes itself known
way ahead of time. Most notably you'll hear a knocking noise and feel a vibration in turns. They don't just pop without warning.
I'm going to go out on a limb and say that you should really take better care of your car.
As for what other damage might have been done, I'd say start with an alignment. You're going to need one after replacing a ball joint anyway. It's possible that the strut mount was damaged. Other than that I think you're
probably okay. I think you're lucky - had this happened at high speed you would have been in trouble
Your front wheels are on backwards, by the way. I had to say it before somebody else did.
