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I always favor sealed enclosures for their inherent accuracy. A good sub in a sealed box should be loud enough for any sane person. About clearance in the back - from my experience it's not an issue, just as long as the magnet is not so tight against the back that the pole vent is sealed. That's not good. So just as long as there is some space, you should be fine. Also, unless you have a very advanced modeling program, it would be nearly impossible to determine the wave reflection properties of your enclosure. Besides, you are only dealing with a very small part of the overall frequency band when designing a sub enclosure, so the chances of standing waves being an issue are so slim it's worthless to even mention.
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