Well...You asked for it!
Hi James.
It's theoretically possible, but not practical. Given the weight of the wheel and knowing the specific heat of aluminum (how many calories it takes to raise one gram by one Celsius degree) the total required transmitted heat could be calculated, but then one would have to know the rate of conductive, convective and radiant heat transfer from the stove atmosphere and heating element to the wheel. The radiant heat transfer alone would be dependent on the reflectance, absorbance and insulative values of the particular paint used. The former values would also be continuously changing as the wheel warmed up.
Bottom line: Far easier just to monitor the wheel temperature. I just recently bought a very accurate laser-guided infrared thermometer gun from Costco for under $20... Once the requirements are established, subsequent wheels could just be given X minutes each.
Hope this helps.
-Bill